{"id":315,"date":"2026-06-25T03:23:57","date_gmt":"2026-06-25T03:23:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/antifoamingagent.net\/?p=315"},"modified":"2026-06-25T03:23:57","modified_gmt":"2026-06-25T03:23:57","slug":"vysvetleni-fungovani-kapalneho-odpenovace-a-toho-jak-reguluje-penu-v-prumyslovych-aplikacich","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/antifoamingagent.net\/cs\/liquid-defoamer-explained-how-it-controls-foam-in-industrial-applications\/","title":{"rendered":"Vysv\u011btlen\u00ed fungov\u00e1n\u00ed kapaln\u00e9ho odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010de: Jak reguluje p\u011bnu v pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch aplikac\u00edch"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1>Vysv\u011btlen\u00ed fungov\u00e1n\u00ed kapaln\u00e9ho odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010de: Jak reguluje p\u011bnu v pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch aplikac\u00edch<\/h1>\n<h2>Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 poznatky<\/h2>\n<p>Pochopen\u00ed toho, jak funguj\u00ed kapaln\u00e9 odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010de, m\u016f\u017ee va\u0161im pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdm provoz\u016fm u\u0161et\u0159it n\u00e1kladn\u00e1 po\u0161kozen\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a v\u00fdrobn\u00ed ztr\u00e1ty zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 nekontrolovan\u00fdm hromad\u011bn\u00edm p\u011bny.<\/p>\n<p>- <strong>Tekut\u00e9 odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010de vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed t\u0159i slo\u017eky, kter\u00e9 spolu vz\u00e1jemn\u011b spolupracuj\u00ed<\/strong>: hydrofobn\u00ed l\u00e1tky (jako je oxid k\u0159emi\u010dit\u00fd nebo vosky), nosi\u010de (oleje nebo voda) a minim\u00e1ln\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed emulg\u00e1tor\u016f, kter\u00e9 zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed rychl\u00e9 rozpt\u00fdlen\u00ed a destabilizaci p\u011bny na rozhran\u00ed vzduch\u2013kapalina.<\/p>\n<p>- <strong>\u010cty\u0159i hlavn\u00ed typy odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010d\u016f slou\u017e\u00ed k r\u016fzn\u00fdm \u00fa\u010del\u016fm<\/strong>: na b\u00e1zi oleje pro potla\u010den\u00ed povrchov\u00e9 p\u011bny, na b\u00e1zi vody pro uvol\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00e1zan\u00e9ho vzduchu, na b\u00e1zi silikonu pro dvoj\u00ed funkci a kopolymery EO\/PO pro aplikace z\u00e1visl\u00e9 na teplot\u011b.<\/p>\n<p>- <strong>Regulace p\u011bny prob\u00edh\u00e1 prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm t\u0159\u00ed mechanism\u016f<\/strong>: destabilizace p\u011bnov\u00fdch lamel vytla\u010dov\u00e1n\u00edm povrchov\u011b aktivn\u00edch l\u00e1tek, prask\u00e1n\u00ed bublin prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed m\u016fstk\u016f a odvlh\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed a podpora spojov\u00e1n\u00ed bublin za \u00fa\u010delem rychl\u00e9ho uvoln\u011bn\u00ed zachycen\u00e9ho vzduchu.<\/p>\n<p>- <strong>Spr\u00e1vn\u00fd v\u00fdb\u011br odpe\u0148ova\u010de zabra\u0148uje poruch\u00e1m za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<\/strong>: V extrak\u010dn\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00edch m\u016f\u017ee p\u011bna sn\u00ed\u017eit kapacitu n\u00e1dr\u017ee o 33% a zp\u016fsobit korozi vakuov\u00e9ho motoru, zat\u00edmco p\u0159i zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed kov\u016f br\u00e1n\u00ed chlazen\u00ed a maz\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>- <strong>D\u00e1vkov\u00e1n\u00ed se li\u0161\u00ed podle zp\u016fsobu pou\u017eit\u00ed<\/strong>: Typick\u00e9 koncentrace se pohybuj\u00ed v rozmez\u00ed 0,1\u20130,31 TP3T v latexov\u00fdch barv\u00e1ch, 10\u201330 ppm p\u0159i separaci ropy a plynu a 10\u2013200 ppm p\u0159i \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed odpadn\u00edch vod, v z\u00e1vislosti na intenzit\u011b p\u011bn\u011bn\u00ed a provozn\u00edch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n<p>Spr\u00e1vn\u00fd kapaln\u00fd odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010d, p\u0159izp\u016fsoben\u00fd va\u0161emu konkr\u00e9tn\u00edmu pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9mu procesu, chr\u00e1n\u00ed \u017eivotnost za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, udr\u017euje provozn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinnost a eliminuje v\u00fdrobn\u00ed \u00fazk\u00e1 m\u00edsta zp\u016fsoben\u00e1 probl\u00e9my s p\u011bnou.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"max-w-full h-auto rounded-md cursor-pointer\" src=\"https:\/\/wsstgprdphotosonic01.blob.core.windows.net\/photosonic\/6f9e2c24-7766-478c-8035-338c65bcf0f3.WEBP?st=2026-06-25T03%3A11%3A40Z&amp;se=2026-07-02T03%3A11%3A40Z&amp;sp=r&amp;sv=2025-05-05&amp;sr=b&amp;sig=VUngpOsuyIjOKfwlrFXNS8h6OCoY\/5WLRFKY9vxpVIA%3D\" alt=\"Pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 stroje vyr\u00e1b\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed p\u011bnu pomoc\u00ed rozpra\u0161ova\u010de s tekut\u00fdm odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010dem na kovov\u00e9m povrchu v tov\u00e1rn\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed.\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Hromad\u011bn\u00ed p\u011bny m\u016f\u017ee zni\u010dit va\u0161e za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. P\u011bna s vysok\u00fdm obsahem \u010distic\u00edch prost\u0159edk\u016f, sm\u00edchan\u00e1 s ne\u010distotami a vl\u00e1kny, je nas\u00e1v\u00e1na do motor\u016f vysava\u010d\u016f, kde ucp\u00e1v\u00e1 vzduchov\u00e9 kan\u00e1ly, zp\u016fsobuje korozi vnit\u0159n\u00edch sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed a sni\u017euje sac\u00ed v\u00fdkon. Tekut\u00fd odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010d je chemick\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edsada, kter\u00e1 omezuje a zabra\u0148uje tvorb\u011b p\u011bny v kapalin\u00e1ch pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch v pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch procesech. Pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 procesy \u010del\u00ed v\u00e1\u017en\u00fdm probl\u00e9m\u016fm zp\u016fsoben\u00fdm p\u011bnou, kter\u00e1 zp\u016fsobuje vady na povrchov\u00fdch n\u00e1t\u011brech a br\u00e1n\u00ed efektivn\u00edmu pln\u011bn\u00ed n\u00e1dob. S t\u011bmito probl\u00e9my se nej\u010dast\u011bji setk\u00e1v\u00e1me v sb\u011brn\u00fdch n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00edch extrak\u010dn\u00edch stroj\u016f a automatick\u00fdch \u010distic\u00edch stroj\u016f, kde je kontrola p\u011bny z\u00e1sadn\u00ed. Mezi nejb\u011b\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed odp\u011b\u0148ovac\u00ed \u010dinidla pat\u0159\u00ed nerozpustn\u00e9 oleje, odp\u011b\u0148ovac\u00ed sm\u011bsi na b\u00e1zi silikonu, jako jsou polydimethylsiloxany, a n\u011bkter\u00e9 alkoholy. V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku se pod\u00edv\u00e1me na to, jak tekut\u00e9 odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010de funguj\u00ed, jak\u00e9 jsou jejich r\u016fzn\u00e9 typy a jak\u00e9 maj\u00ed uplatn\u011bn\u00ed v pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch provozech.<\/p>\n<h2>Co jsou kapaln\u00e1 odp\u011b\u0148ovac\u00ed \u010dinidla a jak\u00e9 jsou jejich z\u00e1kladn\u00ed vlastnosti<\/h2>\n<p>Tekut\u00fd odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010d se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 ze t\u0159\u00ed odli\u0161n\u00fdch slo\u017eek, kter\u00e9 spole\u010dn\u011b potla\u010duj\u00ed tvorbu p\u011bny. Hlavn\u00ed slo\u017ekou je <strong>hydrofobn\u00ed materi\u00e1l<\/strong> kter\u00fd funguje jako aktivn\u00ed slo\u017eka. Mezi hydrofobn\u00ed materi\u00e1ly pat\u0159\u00ed upraven\u00fd oxid k\u0159emi\u010dit\u00fd, vosky (syntetick\u00e9 nebo p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed) a silikony \u010di jejich deriv\u00e1ty. Tyto hydrofobn\u00ed l\u00e1tky lze pou\u017e\u00edvat samostatn\u011b nebo v kombinaci, aby se zv\u00fd\u0161ila jejich \u00fa\u010dinnost.<\/p>\n<p>Druhou slo\u017ekou je <strong>nosn\u00e9 vozidlo<\/strong> kter\u00fd p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161\u00ed hydrofobn\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 l\u00e1tky do hydrofiln\u00edho syst\u00e9mu zadr\u017euj\u00edc\u00edho vzduch. Mezi nosi\u010de pat\u0159\u00ed miner\u00e1ln\u00ed oleje, rostlinn\u00e9 oleje a silikonov\u00e9 oleje. Nosn\u00e1 kapalina m\u00e1 obvykle ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed povrchov\u00e9 nap\u011bt\u00ed ne\u017e p\u011bniv\u00e1 kapalina. Dlouhodob\u00e1 stabilita nosi\u010de v p\u016fvodn\u00ed kapalin\u011b ur\u010duje \u00fa\u010dinnost regulace p\u011bn\u011bn\u00ed u v\u00fdrobk\u016f s prodlou\u017eenou trvanlivost\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>T\u0159et\u00ed slo\u017ekou je, a <strong>emulg\u00e1tor<\/strong>, zajist\u00ed optim\u00e1ln\u00ed rozlo\u017een\u00ed hydrofobn\u00ed slo\u017eky v nosi\u010di a z\u00e1rove\u0148 usnadn\u00ed rozpt\u00fdlen\u00ed l\u00e1tky potla\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed p\u011bn\u011bn\u00ed v cel\u00e9 kapalin\u011b. Mezi pou\u017eit\u00e9 emulg\u00e1tory pat\u0159\u00ed ethoxylovan\u00e9 alkylfenoly a estery sorbitanu. Mno\u017estv\u00ed emulg\u00e1tor\u016f minimalizujeme, proto\u017ee tyto slou\u010deniny mohou samy o sob\u011b p\u0159isp\u00edvat k tvorb\u011b p\u011bny.<\/p>\n<h3>Chemick\u00e9 slo\u017een\u00ed a povrchov\u00e1 aktivita<\/h3>\n<p>Prost\u0159edky pro potla\u010den\u00ed p\u011bny funguj\u00ed l\u00e9pe, kdy\u017e kles\u00e1 povrchov\u00e9 nap\u011bt\u00ed nebo mezif\u00e1zov\u00e9 nap\u011bt\u00ed. Odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010d na b\u00e1zi silikonu obsahuje povrchov\u011b aktivn\u00ed slo\u017eky, kter\u00e9 sni\u017euj\u00ed povrchov\u00e9 nap\u011bt\u00ed kapaliny do takov\u00e9 m\u00edry, \u017ee vzduchov\u00e9 bubliny v p\u011bn\u011b se zhrout\u00ed. D\u00edky tomuto sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed povrchov\u00e9ho nap\u011bt\u00ed se odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010d m\u016f\u017ee rychleji \u0161\u00ed\u0159it po rozhran\u00ed p\u011bny.<\/p>\n<h3>Po\u017eadavky na viskozitu pro rychl\u00e9 rozt\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p>N\u00edzk\u00e1 viskozita napom\u00e1h\u00e1 pronik\u00e1n\u00ed a rozprost\u0159en\u00ed. Kapaln\u00fd odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010d mus\u00ed m\u00edt vysok\u00fd koeficient rozprost\u0159en\u00ed, aby se mohl rovnom\u011brn\u011b rozprost\u0159\u00edt po m\u00e9diu. Bez t\u00e9to vlastnosti n\u00edzk\u00e9 viskozity se odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010d nem\u016f\u017ee dostat k rozhran\u00ed vzduch\u2013kapalina, kde doch\u00e1z\u00ed ke stabilizaci p\u011bny, dostate\u010dn\u011b rychle.<\/p>\n<h3>Nerozpustnost v p\u011bniv\u00e9m m\u00e9diu<\/h3>\n<p>Odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010d mus\u00ed b\u00fdt nerozpustn\u00fd v p\u011bnotvorn\u00e9m m\u00e9diu. Kapaln\u00e1 f\u00e1ze odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010de mus\u00ed vykazovat ur\u010ditou m\u00edru neslu\u010ditelnosti nebo nerozpustnosti s m\u00e9diem, do kter\u00e9ho je p\u0159id\u00e1n. D\u00edky t\u00e9to neslu\u010ditelnosti je odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010d schopen vytv\u00e1\u0159et kapi\u010dky, kter\u00e9 stoupaj\u00ed k povrchu a dob\u0159e se rozprost\u00edraj\u00ed, \u010d\u00edm\u017e praskaj\u00ed bubliny, ani\u017e by p\u0159isp\u00edvaly k dal\u0161\u00edmu p\u011bn\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h2>Druhy kapaln\u00fdch odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010d\u016f<\/h2>\n<p>V\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i receptur vyb\u00edraj\u00ed ze \u010dty\u0159 hlavn\u00edch kategori\u00ed kapaln\u00fdch odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010d\u016f na z\u00e1klad\u011b nosn\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu a \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 chemick\u00e9 l\u00e1tky, kter\u00e9 jsou vy\u017eadov\u00e1ny pro konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed procesn\u00ed podm\u00ednky.<\/p>\n<h3>Odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010de na b\u00e1zi oleje s nosn\u00fdmi l\u00e1tkami z miner\u00e1ln\u00edch nebo rostlinn\u00fdch olej\u016f<\/h3>\n<p>P\u0159\u00edpravky na olejov\u00e9 b\u00e1zi pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed jako nosi\u010d miner\u00e1ln\u00ed olej, rostlinn\u00fd olej nebo b\u00edl\u00fd olej. Tyto sm\u011bsi obsahuj\u00ed vosk nebo hydrofobn\u00ed oxid k\u0159emi\u010dit\u00fd pro zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinnosti. Varianty s miner\u00e1ln\u00edm olejem zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed potla\u010den\u00ed p\u011bn\u011bn\u00ed ve vodn\u00edch syst\u00e9mech. Alternativy na b\u00e1zi rostlinn\u00e9ho oleje nab\u00edzej\u00ed aktivn\u00ed slo\u017eku 100% s \u00fa\u010dinnost\u00ed v rozmez\u00ed 0,1\u20130,3% hmotnostn\u00edch v latexov\u00fdch n\u00e1t\u011brov\u00fdch syst\u00e9mech. Formulace na b\u00e1zi rostlinn\u00e9ho oleje eliminuj\u00ed riziko kontaminace silikonem, kter\u00e1 zp\u016fsobuje kr\u00e1terovitost, ryb\u00ed o\u010di a poruchy p\u0159ilnavosti mezi vrstvami v akrylov\u00fdch a vinylacet\u00e1tov\u00fdch syst\u00e9mech. Tyto odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010de vynikaj\u00ed p\u0159i potla\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed povrchov\u00e9 p\u011bny.<\/p>\n<h3>Odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010de na vodn\u00ed b\u00e1zi pro uvol\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed vtla\u010den\u00e9ho vzduchu<\/h3>\n<p>P\u0159\u00edpravky na vodn\u00ed b\u00e1zi disperguj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 oleje a vosky ve vodn\u00e9m nosi\u010di. Oleje mohou b\u00fdt miner\u00e1ln\u00edho nebo rostlinn\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu a vosky se skl\u00e1daj\u00ed z mastn\u00fdch alkohol\u016f s dlouh\u00fdm \u0159et\u011bzcem, m\u00fddel z mastn\u00fdch kyselin nebo ester\u016f. Odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010de na vodn\u00ed b\u00e1zi funguj\u00ed jako odvzdu\u0161\u0148ova\u010de a uvol\u0148uj\u00ed vzduch zachycen\u00fd v procesn\u00edch kapalin\u00e1ch, na rozd\u00edl od variant na olejov\u00e9 b\u00e1zi. D\u00edky t\u00e9to specializaci jsou ide\u00e1ln\u00ed pro aplikace, kde je odstran\u011bn\u00ed vzduchu z hloubky d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e potla\u010den\u00ed p\u011bny na povrchu.<\/p>\n<h3>Slo\u017eky pro potla\u010den\u00ed p\u011bn\u011bn\u00ed na b\u00e1zi silikonu<\/h3>\n<p>Silikonov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpravky obsahuj\u00ed polymery s k\u0159em\u00edkov\u00fdm \u0159et\u011bzcem, kter\u00e9 se dod\u00e1vaj\u00ed ve form\u011b olej\u016f nebo emulz\u00ed na vodn\u00ed b\u00e1zi. Typick\u00e1 silikonov\u00e1 odp\u011b\u0148ovac\u00ed emulze se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 z polydimethylsiloxanu 30% ve vod\u011b s modifikovan\u00fdmi anorganick\u00fdmi slo\u017ekami. Tyto slou\u010deniny disperguj\u00ed hydrofobn\u00ed oxid k\u0159emi\u010dit\u00fd v silikonov\u00e9m oleji. Silikonov\u00e9 varianty pln\u00ed dvoj\u00ed funkci: potla\u010duj\u00ed povrchovou p\u011bnu a z\u00e1rove\u0148 uvol\u0148uj\u00ed zachycen\u00fd vzduch. Jsou vhodn\u00e9 pro nevodn\u00e9 p\u011bniv\u00e9 syst\u00e9my, k nim\u017e pat\u0159\u00ed t\u011b\u017eba ropy a rafin\u00e9rsk\u00e9 procesy.<\/p>\n<h3>Odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010de na b\u00e1zi EO\/PO kopolymer\u016f<\/h3>\n<p>Blokov\u00e9 kopolymery ethylenoxidu a propylenoxidu funguj\u00ed na principu inverzn\u00ed rozpustnosti. Tyto neiontov\u00e9 povrchov\u011b aktivn\u00ed l\u00e1tky z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed ve vod\u011b rozpustn\u00e9 p\u0159i n\u00edzk\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch, av\u0161ak v okam\u017eiku, kdy teplota procesu p\u0159ekro\u010d\u00ed jejich bod zakalen\u00ed, vysr\u00e1\u017eej\u00ed se a rozprost\u00edraj\u00ed se na rozhran\u00ed p\u011bny. Odp\u011bn\u011bn\u00ed z\u00e1vis\u00ed na vztahu mezi bodem zakalen\u00ed povrchov\u011b aktivn\u00ed l\u00e1tky a aplika\u010dn\u00ed teplotou. V\u00fdrobci by m\u011bli volit blokov\u00e9 kopolymery, jejich\u017e bod zakalen\u00ed je ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e zam\u00fd\u0161len\u00e1 provozn\u00ed teplota. Tyto aktivn\u00ed l\u00e1tky 100% bez obsahu silikonu vykazuj\u00ed biologickou inertnost. D\u00edky tomu jsou bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 pro pou\u017eit\u00ed ve fermenta\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9mech.<\/p>\n<h2>Jak kapaln\u00e9 odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010de omezuj\u00ed tvorbu p\u011bny<\/h2>\n<blockquote><p>\u201czp\u016fsob \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed zp\u016fsoben\u00fd t\u00edm, \u017ee se vrstva roztr\u017een\u00e9 bubliny vst\u0159eb\u00e1v\u00e1 do okoln\u00edho kapaln\u00e9ho filmu\u201d \u2014 <a class=\"text-sc-blue hover:underline hover:text-sc-primary\" href=\"https:\/\/www.eurekalert.org\/news-releases\/726628\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Rei Kurita<\/strong>, <em>Docent, Tokijsk\u00e1 metropolitn\u00ed univerzita<\/em><\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>K regulaci p\u011bny po p\u0159id\u00e1n\u00ed kapaln\u00e9ho odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010de do procesn\u00edch kapalin p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00ed t\u0159i mechanismy. Tyto mechanismy spole\u010dn\u011b p\u016fsob\u00ed na odstran\u011bn\u00ed povrchov\u00e9 p\u011bny a zachycen\u00fdch vzduchov\u00fdch bublin.<\/p>\n<h3>Destabilizace p\u011bnov\u00fdch lamel na rozhran\u00ed vzduch\u2013kapalina<\/h3>\n<p>Rozprost\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed p\u016fsob\u00ed na povrch p\u011bny mechanick\u00fdm n\u00e1razem a destabilizuje jej\u00ed strukturu. Odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010d se po povrchu p\u011bny \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed rychleji, pronik\u00e1 do lamel a naru\u0161uje soudr\u017enost p\u011bny. Hydrofobn\u00ed slo\u017eka vytla\u010duje stabiliza\u010dn\u00ed povrchov\u011b aktivn\u00ed l\u00e1tky na rozhran\u00ed vzduch-kapalina. Tato afinita k rozhran\u00ed vzduch-kapalina zp\u016fsobuje prasknut\u00ed vzduchov\u00fdch bublin a rozpad povrchov\u00e9 p\u011bny.<\/p>\n<h3>Prasknut\u00ed vzduchov\u00fdch bublin v d\u016fsledku rozprost\u0159en\u00ed po povrchu<\/h3>\n<p>Odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010d pronik\u00e1 do st\u011bny bubliny a prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm mechanismu vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed m\u016fstk\u016f naru\u0161uje strukturu filmu. Kapky odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010de s n\u00edzk\u00fdm povrchov\u00fdm nap\u011bt\u00edm se roztahuj\u00ed p\u0159es lamelu a vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed nestabiln\u00ed m\u016fstky. Hydrofobn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1stice nebo olejov\u00e1 kapka s kontaktn\u00edm \u00fahlem v\u011bt\u0161\u00edm ne\u017e 90\u00b0 zp\u016fsobuje p\u0159i kontaktu s ob\u011bma stranami lamely odvlh\u010den\u00ed. Kapalina v kontaktu s \u010d\u00e1stic\u00ed se oh\u00fdb\u00e1 dovnit\u0159, dokud se ob\u011b strany filmu nedotknou a neprasknou. Lamela se vyprazd\u0148uje, jak se most tvo\u0159\u00ed, a dos\u00e1hne kritick\u00e9ho bodu, kde se zlom\u00ed a uvoln\u00ed zachycen\u00fd vzduch.<\/p>\n<h3>Agregace a stoup\u00e1n\u00ed vzduchov\u00fdch bublin zachycen\u00fdch v tekutin\u011b<\/h3>\n<p>Vst\u0159iknut\u00e9 vzduchov\u00e9 bubliny se shlukuj\u00ed a tvo\u0159\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed bubliny, kter\u00e9 stoupaj\u00ed k povrchu rychleji. Mnoho mal\u00fdch bublin se spojuje a prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm koalescence unik\u00e1 ze sm\u011bsi. Odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010d sni\u017euje gradienty povrchov\u00e9ho nap\u011bt\u00ed. Bublinov\u00e9 bl\u00e1ny se zten\u010duj\u00ed a v ur\u010dit\u00fdch bodech praskaj\u00ed, \u010d\u00edm\u017e uvol\u0148uj\u00ed vnit\u0159n\u00ed plyn. Tento proces koalescence eliminuje velk\u00e9 vst\u0159iknut\u00e9 vzduchov\u00e9 bubliny p\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed vhodn\u00fdch metod m\u00edch\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h2>Pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 aplikace a \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed probl\u00e9m\u016f<\/h2>\n<blockquote><p>\u201cNa\u0161e technologie na b\u00e1zi oxidu k\u0159emi\u010dit\u00e9ho umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed sn\u00ed\u017eit obsah oleje a zajistit \u00fasporn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed d\u00e1vkov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u00edky sv\u00fdm siln\u00fdm zesiluj\u00edc\u00edm \u00fa\u010dink\u016fm, kter\u00e9 urychluj\u00ed rozpad p\u011bny a zvy\u0161uj\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinnost p\u0159\u00edpravku.\u201d \u2014 <a class=\"text-sc-blue hover:underline hover:text-sc-primary\" href=\"https:\/\/www.evonik.com\/en\/applications\/application_483026.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Evonik<\/strong>, <em>P\u0159edn\u00ed spole\u010dnost v oblasti speci\u00e1ln\u00edch chemik\u00e1li\u00ed<\/em><\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 podniky \u010del\u00ed v\u00fdrobn\u00edm ztr\u00e1t\u00e1m zp\u016fsoben\u00fdm p\u011bnou v cel\u00e9 \u0159ad\u011b odv\u011btv\u00ed. Ka\u017ed\u00e9 z nich vy\u017eaduje c\u00edlen\u00e1 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed v podob\u011b kapaln\u00fdch odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010d\u016f, p\u0159izp\u016fsoben\u00e1 konkr\u00e9tn\u00edm provozn\u00edm podm\u00ednk\u00e1m.<\/p>\n<h3>Regulace p\u011bny v sb\u011brn\u00e9 n\u00e1dr\u017ei u ods\u00e1vac\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p>P\u011bna v sb\u011brn\u00fdch n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00edch \u010disti\u010de koberc\u016f zp\u016fsobuje p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00e9 uzav\u0159en\u00ed plov\u00e1kov\u00e9ho mechanismu a sni\u017euje kapacitu n\u00e1dr\u017ee a\u017e o 33%. Plov\u00e1kov\u00fd mechanismus sel\u017ee, pokud mu v tom br\u00e1n\u00ed p\u011bna, a zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00fd roztok se vt\u00e1hne do vakuov\u00e9ho motoru. To vede ke korozi a p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u00e9mu selh\u00e1n\u00ed. P\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1me z\u0159ed\u011bn\u00fd odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010d p\u0159es sb\u011brnou hadici, abychom o\u0161et\u0159ili cel\u00fd vakuov\u00fd syst\u00e9m, a pot\u00e9 udr\u017eujeme hladinu 0,5 a\u017e 1,0 unce na galon kapacity n\u00e1dr\u017ee.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0158\u00edzen\u00ed p\u011bny v chladic\u00edch a procesn\u00edch kapalin\u00e1ch<\/h3>\n<p>P\u011bna v chladic\u00ed kapalin\u011b pro obr\u00e1b\u011bn\u00ed kov\u016f omezuje mazac\u00ed a chladic\u00ed funkce. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 zvy\u0161uje objem syst\u00e9mu. Jedna unce koncentrovan\u00e9ho odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010de sta\u010d\u00ed na 50 galon\u016f z\u0159ed\u011bn\u00e9 chladic\u00ed kapaliny. Pro vysokotlak\u00e9 CNC operace s tlakem nad 800 psi jsou zapot\u0159eb\u00ed speci\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpravky s n\u00edzkou p\u011bnivost\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h3>Pap\u00edrna a zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u0159evn\u00ed buni\u010diny<\/h3>\n<p>Silikonov\u00e9 emulze si zachov\u00e1vaj\u00ed svou \u00fa\u010dinnost i p\u0159i vysok\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch a v alkalick\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch. K t\u011bmto podm\u00ednk\u00e1m doch\u00e1z\u00ed ve f\u00e1z\u00edch prom\u00fdv\u00e1n\u00ed buni\u010diny, odpa\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed a b\u011blen\u00ed. Tyto p\u0159\u00edpravky uvol\u0148uj\u00ed zachycen\u00fd vzduch a sni\u017euj\u00ed povrchov\u00e9 nap\u011bt\u00ed v procesn\u00edch roztoc\u00edch. Prom\u00fdv\u00e1n\u00ed hn\u011bd\u00e9 buni\u010diny pomoc\u00ed modifikovan\u00fdch organosilikonov\u00fdch slou\u010denin sni\u017euje p\u0159enos chemik\u00e1li\u00ed a n\u00e1klady na b\u011blen\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h3>Zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed potravin a rafinace ropy<\/h3>\n<p>Odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010de ur\u010den\u00e9 pro styk s potravinami omezuj\u00ed tvorbu p\u011bny p\u0159i v\u00fdrob\u011b piva, zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed ovocn\u00fdch \u0161\u0165\u00e1v a v ml\u00e9k\u00e1rensk\u00e9m pr\u016fmyslu a z\u00e1rove\u0148 spl\u0148uj\u00ed p\u0159edpisy FDA. Silikonov\u00e9 odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010de eliminuj\u00ed p\u011bnu p\u0159i d\u00e1vkov\u00e1n\u00ed 10\u201330 ppm p\u0159i separaci oleje a plynu a zabra\u0148uj\u00ed p\u0159enosu kapaliny.<\/p>\n<h3>\u010ci\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed odpadn\u00edch vod a hydraulick\u00e9 syst\u00e9my<\/h3>\n<p>Odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010de pro odpadn\u00ed vody se d\u00e1vkuj\u00ed v koncentraci 10\u2013200 ppm v z\u00e1vislosti na intenzit\u011b p\u011bn\u011bn\u00ed. Hydraulick\u00e9 odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010de zabra\u0148uj\u00ed po\u0161kozen\u00ed zp\u016fsoben\u00e9mu kavitac\u00ed a udr\u017euj\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinnost syst\u00e9mu i \u017eivotnost jeho sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h2>Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/h2>\n<p>Probrali jsme, jak kapaln\u00e9 odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010de potla\u010duj\u00ed p\u011bnu prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm t\u0159\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00edch mechanism\u016f: destabilizac\u00ed p\u011bnov\u00fdch lamel, rozru\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00edm vzduchov\u00fdch bublin a podporou koalescence bublin. Konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed po\u017eadavky dan\u00e9ho procesu ur\u010duj\u00ed, zda zvol\u00edme p\u0159\u00edpravky na b\u00e1zi oleje, vody, silikonu nebo kopolymeru EO\/PO. Tyto p\u0159\u00edpravky chr\u00e1n\u00ed kritick\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed v extrak\u010dn\u00edch syst\u00e9mech, p\u0159i zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed kov\u016f, v pap\u00edrn\u00e1ch a v \u010dist\u00edrn\u00e1ch odpadn\u00edch vod. Spr\u00e1vn\u00fd v\u00fdb\u011br a d\u00e1vkov\u00e1n\u00ed odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010de zabra\u0148uje po\u0161kozen\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt finan\u010dn\u011b n\u00e1kladn\u00e9. Zlep\u0161uje tak\u00e9 v\u00fdkonnost procesu a eliminuje v\u00fdrobn\u00ed ztr\u00e1ty zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 nekontrolovanou p\u011bnou.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Vysv\u011btlen\u00ed fungov\u00e1n\u00ed kapaln\u00fdch odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010d\u016f: Jak potla\u010duj\u00ed p\u011bnu v pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch aplikac\u00edch \u2013 kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 body Pochopen\u00ed toho, jak funguj\u00ed kapaln\u00e9 odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010de, m\u016f\u017ee va\u0161im pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdm provoz\u016fm u\u0161et\u0159it n\u00e1kladn\u00e1 po\u0161kozen\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a v\u00fdrobn\u00ed ztr\u00e1ty zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 nekontrolovan\u00fdm hromad\u011bn\u00edm p\u011bny. \u2022 Kapaln\u00e1 odp\u011b\u0148ovac\u00ed \u010dinidla vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed t\u0159i slo\u017eky, kter\u00e9 spolu vz\u00e1jemn\u011b spolupracuj\u00ed: hydrofobn\u00ed l\u00e1tky (jako je oxid k\u0159emi\u010dit\u00fd nebo vosky), nosi\u010de (oleje nebo voda) a minim\u00e1ln\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed\u2026&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/antifoamingagent.net\/cs\/liquid-defoamer-explained-how-it-controls-foam-in-industrial-applications\/\" rel=\"bookmark\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Vysv\u011btlen\u00ed fungov\u00e1n\u00ed kapaln\u00e9ho odp\u011b\u0148ova\u010de: Jak reguluje p\u011bnu v pr\u016fmyslov\u00fdch aplikac\u00edch<\/span><\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"off","neve_meta_content_width":70,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-315","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-knowledge"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/antifoamingagent.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/315","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/antifoamingagent.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/antifoamingagent.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antifoamingagent.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antifoamingagent.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=315"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/antifoamingagent.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/315\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":316,"href":"https:\/\/antifoamingagent.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/315\/revisions\/316"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/antifoamingagent.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=315"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antifoamingagent.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=315"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antifoamingagent.net\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=315"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}